New Year's Words

Some "word histories" for the new year. First, I accidentally left out the following about "quick," in the last segment:

German dialect has "quick," which, like its English relative, means "quick." It is, however, not pronounced quite the same, but as "kvick." Now that I got that over "kvickly:"

New-This word goes back to Indo European "newos," and was passed along to the developing Indo European languages, for example; in Greek as "neos," which later gave several loan words to English with the prefix "neo;" in Latin as "novus," which gave Italian "nuovo," Spanish "nuevo," French "nouveau," and Portuguese "novo;" in Lithuanian as "naujas;" in Russian as "novyi." The Germanic offshoot was "neujaz," which gave German "neu," Dutch "nieuw," Danish, Norwegian and Swedish "ny," and modern English "new." In Old English it was niwe/neowe/niowe, I suppose the differences were due to dialect.

Year-This word goes back to the Indo European base "yer" (long "e") and "yor" (long "o"), which meant "year," but also "season of the year."*** The Old Germanic offshoot was "jaeram," which, besides English "year" gave German "Jahr," Dutch "jaar," Danish "aar," and Norwegian and Swedish "ar." In Old English it was "gear," in West Saxon and "ger" in Anglian. Close relatives of Old English on the Continent were: Old Saxon "jar," Old High German "jar," Old Frisian "ger." In addition, "yearly" in Old English was "gearlic (not "garlic!"), and German has "jährlich."

***In Czech, for instance, "jaro" means "spring."